Hop-by-Hop Dynamic Addressing Based (H2-DAB) Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Providing an efficient communication for the
underwater wireless sensor networks is a significant problem
due to the unique characteristics of such environments. Radio
signal cannot propagate well in deep water, and we have to
replace this with the acoustic channel. This replacement results
in many issues like high latency due to less propagation speeds,
low bandwidths and high error probability. In addition, new
features like node mobility with water currents and 3-
dimensional space brings additional challenges to the
underwater sensor network (UWSN) protocol design. Many
routing protocols have been proposed for such environments
but most of them considered that the complete dimensional
location of all the sensor nodes is already known through a
localization process, which itself is a challenging task in
UWSNs. In this paper, we propose a novel routing protocol,
called Hop-by-Hop Dynamic Addressing Based (H2-DAB), in
order to provide scalable and time efficient routing. Our
routing protocol will take advantage of the multiple-sink
architecture of the underwater wireless sensor networks. The
novelty of H2-DAB is that, it does not require any dimensional
location information, or any extra specialized hardware
compared to many other routing protocols in the same area.
Our results show that H2-DAB effectively achieves the goals of
higher data deliveries with optimal delays and energy
consumptions.